16 December 2016

2016 Arunachala Karthigai Festival: Cattle Fair


Traditionally a Cattle Fair takes place during the Arunachala Karthigai Deepam Festival. Generally cows, horses and sheep are brought to the Fair Grounds (located off the NH 66 Chengam Road near the Arts College) a couple of days before Mahadeepam—this year Monday, 12 December, 2016. Because of the financial burden of the ongoing “monetisation” programme in India, it is estimated that this year the Cattle Fair was fifty percent down compared to previous years.

Below is a report of the Cattle Fair during the 2016 Karthigai Deepam Festival that appeared in local newspapers. As there are lots of interesting information, am reproducing the article in full.


“Twenty three people from Kallampuli village in Kadaiyanallur taluk of Tirunelveli district have come to Tiruvannamalai Karthigai Deepam Cattle Shandy to purchase a set of bullocks for their village temple.

Asked why they came all the way from Kadaiyanallur, travelling 470 km to buy a pair of bullocks, Ramar, one of the villagers, said: “We want to buy it from Tiruvannamalai Deepam, a sacred festival in a sacred place. Although we purchase the cattle a day earlier, we won’t untie the cattle until we have a glimpse of the Mahadeepam.”

Diraviyam, another person from the team, said: “We want to buy ‘Ottan Kalai’ that is more powerful than others. This breed is not available in our place. That is also one reason why we come this far.” He was referring to a breed called ‘Merkathi’ or ‘Osur’ in the local parlance. The shandy used to be famous for native breeds such as this.

Despite the sentiment and breed-specific significance attached to this shandy, business was poor this year. “Only about 40 to 50 per cent of heads of cattle came this year,” said Palani, a cattle trader from Arani who has been in the business for the last 40 years.

“Neither traders don’t have money to buy nor do our customers have money to buy from us. I myself purchased 13 bullocks from Andhra Pradesh to sell them in this shandy. Because of the goodwill I enjoy, considering the money crisis they sold them on credit to me. Every trader cannot get credit,” Mr. Palani added.

“Not only the number of heads of cattle, but species specific slump is also palpable here. ‘Osur’ and ‘Tiruvannamalai’ breeds have arrived in very low numbers. Because of depletion of local breeds, their prices go up,” says a writer and former agricultural journalist.

Even the low number of heads of cattle have very few takers. The sellers are even prepared to accept old notes of Rs. 500 or Rs. 1,000 for a portion of the price. “But still there are very few takers,” said a seller.

Apart from directly affecting the purchasing power of farmers, the demonetisation has hit the shandy in many ways. “No rains. Even the farmers who want to take up farming despite lack of water could not do so because they could not buy inputs for the cultivation and pay wages because of demonetisation. When there is no farming who will come to buy cattle, other than a few men looking for carts,” asks Murugan, a seller.

Although there is no palpable slump in the number of horses that came for sales, only very few are sold. Siva, a jockey from Tiruvannamalai, said on Sunday: “As far as I know, only four horses were sold from yesterday”. Several allied trades like horse hair pruning, bull horn sharpening, shops that sell ornaments, and accessories for cattle were dull.” 




Rows of stalls selling various bullock and horse related items

Plenty of food stalls throughout the girivalam roadway

Lots of colourful stalls on the side of the girivalam roadway

Even if one doesn't have a bullock, nice to check out the stalls

Lots of folk moving about after some wet and soggy days

Lots of very interesting ornaments made up with sea-shells



And lots of bells. Many cattle pass by my house and I can tell them apart just by listening to the sound of their bells

These two are happy looking bullocks

Very handsomely done up with lots of ornaments

A matched pair busy have a nice chomp down

Compared to previous years very small turnout of Bulocks

Both people and cattle just happy to bask in welcome sunshine

This bullock is not ill. Just enjoying the lovely sun after a couple of wet soggy days

Horses next to nicely painted carts

Many horses brought to the Cattle Fair this year


Hello you!!!

And Hello to you Mister Curious!


Just makes you want to adopt all of them. So nice.


[Photographs by Professor Hari Prasad]

2016 Arunachala Deepam Festival. Day Ten—Night: Golden Rishaba


Late in the night of the 10th day of the 2016 Karthigai Deepam Festival, after both the Hill Deepam and Temple Deepam have been lit, Lord Arunachaleswarar gives darshan to all devotees on his vahana the golden Rishba (the golden bull).

The golden Rishaba was presented to the Temple by a devotee in 2015, at a cost of Rs.20 Lakhs. The 2016 Karthigai Deepam Festival is the second time this Golden Rishaba has been used.



The Golden Rishaba

Golden Rishaba in front of the the Alankaram Mandapam


Panchamoorthies giving darshan in front of the Alankaram Mandapam on the night of the 10th Day of the Karthigai Deepam Festival



2016 Arunachala Deepam Festival. Day Ten—Mahadeepam photographs Hill and Temple


Monday, December 12, 2016 was wet and rainy and made conditions both in the Temple and on the Hill difficult. However in spite of windy sleeting rains both the Deepams in the Temple and on the Hill were lit at dusk (approximately 6 p.m.) that evening.

Below are photographs of both Deepams. The Deepam in the Temple was lit first and as soon as a lookout on the Hill was notified that the Temple Deepam is afire, then the Deepam on Arunachala is set alight.



2016 Karthigai Deepam at Arunachaleswarar Temple










2016 Karthigai Deepam on Arunachala Hill









15 December 2016

2016 Arunachala Deepam Festival. Cauldron on Summit—Thursday December 15




Have lots more news and photographs of the 2016 Arunachala Deepam Festival to post but for the moment a beautiful photograph of the Arunachala cauldron on the Summit taken this day. 



2016 Arunachala Deepam


14 December 2016

2016 Arunachala Deepam Festival. Day Ten—6 p.m. Mahadeepam


Strong winds and rains on the day of Mahadeeepam, Monday December 12, 2016, did not prevent a large number of devotees travelling to Tiruvannamalai to witness this great event. In spite of cold, wet conditions many devotees braved the climb to the summit of Arunachala to view the lighting of the deepam first hand. In addition from early Monday morning throngs of people performed girivalam around the 14 km perimeter of the Hill. 

Ceremonies for the final day of the festival began shortly after 4 a.m., on December 12, 2016. Priests started the rituals by lighting the Barani Deepam (five earthen lamps marking the five elements, but merged into a single lamp to mark the convergence of the five elements) at Arthamandapam. 

To read about the events in the evening proceed below to a beautiful narrative of an earlier Mahdadeeam by Swami Abhisktananada. 


----- oOo -----


"Towards five the singing stopped, as a procession emerged from the Kalyana Mandapam. It was the five murtis (Ganapati, Subramaniyar, Lord Shiva, Parvati,  and representative of all devotees Chandiswarar) which were now coming attired in their most splendid garments and covered with flowers, to mix with the crowd so that they might have the darshan of the Holy Light. Immediately in front of the porch of the sanctuary stands a mandapam which was built in 1202 by Mangayarkarasi to provide a shelter for the Lords of the Temple during this annual function. The murtis passed through the crowd in their palanquins carried on the shoulders of the Brahmins. Once they were in their place, everyone’s attention was once more turned towards the Mountain and the chanting of mantras began again. 

The atmosphere became more and more tense. . . The great moment was drawing near for which everyone was waiting—the appearance of the Flame. Expectation filled every heart and showed on every face. It increased in harmony with the rhythm of the cosmos itself; as slowly beyond the horizon the moon rose into the sky, while in the depths of space the constellation of the Pleiades, of Krittika, appeared in the same direction. 

Suddenly there was the sound of an explosion, like a gunshot. Young Brahmin torch-bearers came running out of the inner sanctuary, brandishing their lighted torches at arm’s length. Priests offered the flame of the arati before the murti of Arunachala at its space under the mandapam. In front of the main gate a huge bronze cauldron, filled with oil, camphor and clarified butter, burst into a giant flame. 

And from the peak of the Mountain also, - on which all eyes had been fixed for the last full hour, not only in the Temple and the town, but in the whole countryside around to a distance of many leagues—the flame mounted up, manifesting both outwardly and in the heart of the faithful, the mystery of Light which from the beginning has at the same time hidden and revealed itself in Arunachala. 

That is all. The Flame has been seen. Joy and grace have filled all hearts. The crowd immediately begins to disperse, though it will be more than two hours before the Temple courts are completely empty. Each one as he leaves, goes to the bronze cauldron and casts into it his offering of camphor or of oil to be burnt up in the one great flame - a symbol of his own departure into the mystery of the Flame. 

Meanwhile the bearers up above begin their slow and difficult descent from the Mountain. They had climbed up early that morning in the first light of dawn, carrying jars of oil and clarified butter. The worthiest of their number were entrusted with bearing the sacred fire, taken from each of the Temple shrines, in order to light the Thibam flame. This had to be done at the very moment when, from their lofty observatory, they saw simultaneously the red sun disappearing in the west while the moon’s dish came over the horizon in the east. 

As soon as I left the Temple precincts amid the crowd of faithful, I joined with many others in once more following the circular road round Arunachala . . . as I stepped into the cool air of the night . . . all the detailed features of the Mountain had disappeared. There was nothing to be seen but the sharp outline of its mystic triangle sketched against the sky. As the moon climbed majestically towards the zenith, it shed over it its silvery light, while all around was spread a mysterious shadow. 

The Mountain had become an immense lamp, from the top of which glittered the bright Fame. OM.” 


Alangaram of Ardhanarishvara

Ardhanarisvara being taken by palanquin out of Temple

Amidst devotees in 3rd Prakaram, panchamoorthies in Mandapam at right

Lighting the Deepam at Arunachaleswarar Temple

Lighting the Deepam on Arunachala

With the storm and cloudy weather finally over, darshan of Arunachala Deepam on Wednesday December 14, 2016



2016 Arunachala Deepam Festival. Day Ten—Early Morning: Bharani Deepam



As these five flames loom up with red-yellow light, the famous South Indian festival of Karthigai Deepam officially begins. A single flame is then taken from the pots and kept burning in the Temple throughout the day as a symbol of the merging of manifestation back into God, the one source of all. This single flame is referred to as the Bharani Deepam.


Significance: 

"There is immense significance in this ceremony called Bharani Deepam. At this time, the universal Lord manifests as the five elements, which will later fully merge to become one when the Krittika Deepam flame is lit in the evening. From one to many and many to one. This is the whole essence of Saivism and the meaning of Krittika Deepam."









2016 Arunachala Deepam Festival. Day Nine—Night: Kailasa (Ravana) Vahana.


On the night of the 9th day of the 10-day Karthigai Deepam Festival Lord Chandrasekharar is mounted on the Kailasha (Ravana) Vahana. 

Kailasha (Ravana) or Ravananugraha-murti ("form showing favour to Ravana") is a benevolent aspect of Lord Siva who is depicted seated on his abode Mount Kailash with the Goddess Parvati with the rakshasa Ravana below trying to shake the mountain. 


The legend recorded in the Ramayana goes like this: 

The ten-headed, twenty-armed mighty King Ravana defeated and looted the city of Alaka (which belonged to his step-brother and God of wealth, Lord Kubera). After the victory, Ravana was returning to Lanka in the flying chariot stolen from Kubera, when he spotted a beautiful place which his chariot could not fly over. 

Ravana met Shiva's bull-faced dwarf attendant Nandikeshvara and asked the reason for his chariot's inability to pass over the place. Nandi informed Ravana that Siva and Parvati were enjoying dalliance on the mountain and no one was allowed to pass. 

Ravana mocked Siva and Nandi. Enraged by the insult to his Lord, Nandi cursed Ravana that monkeys would destroy him. In turn, Ravana decided to uproot the mountain Kailash, infuriated by Nandi's curse and his inability to proceed further. He put all his twenty arms under Kailash and started lifting. However, the omniscient Shiva realized that Ravana was behind the menace and pressed the mountain into place with his big toe, trapping Ravana beneath it. Ravana gave a loud cry in pain. Advised by his ministers, Ravana sang hymns in praise of Shiva for a thousand years. Finally, Siva forgave Ravana and granted him an invincible sword. Since Ravana cried, he was given the name "Ravana" – one who cried. 


The Lord on Kailasa (Ravana) Vahana

Kailasa Ravana Vahana

The crowd watching procession on night of Day Nine
 
The Tamil version of the legend narrates that imprisoned under Kailash, Ravana cut off one of his heads and built a veena from it. He used his tendons for the strings and began singing the praises of Siva which pleased the Lord so much that he bestowed a powerful linga to be worshipped by Ravana at Lanka.

 
Ravana Vahana

Vahana shows Tamil version with Ravana's head back of Veena


11 December 2016

2016 Arunachala Deepam Festival. Day Nine—Day: Chandrasekhara on Purusha Meruga Vahana


On the morning of the 9th day of the 10-day Karthigai Deepam Festival Lord Chandrasekharar is mounted on the Purusha Miruga Vahana. 

This vahana known in Tamil as Purushamirugam (man-beast) has the body of a lion and the head of a human being. The sphinx-like creature supposedly has the power to avert evil influences and bad luck. It is also believed to be able to take away the sins of devotees when they enter a Temple and for this reason is often found in a strategic position at Temple gateways and near entrances to the inner shrine. 

The form of the purushamirugam adorns lamps used in puja ceremonies (diparadhanas) and plays an important role in daily and yearly rituals in Shiva temples. 

After giving darshan, Lord Chandrasekhara on Purusha Meruga Vahana starts off on the beginning of His procession around the Temple perimeter streets

As is usual in morning processions, Lord Chandrasekhara is accompanied by Vinayaka on His procession around the Temple

Lord Chandrasekhara on Purusha Meruga Vahana


2016 Arunachala Karthigai Festival: Day 8. Night—Lord Arunachaleswarar on Big Horse


In Hindu iconography, positive aspects of the vahana (vehicle) are emblematic of the Deity that it carries. In this procession as well as the Lord having the horse as his vahana, each of the panchmoorthies also carry a whip in their hand. 

The main characteristic of the horse is its loyalty, industriousness and swiftness. It is symbolic of energy and effort and also symbolises the air or prana which runs through the channels of the body and is the vehicle of the mind. That means, with God as driver, we have the possibility of controlling the mind and wind and guide it towards any direction and at any speed that we wish. The neigh of a horse is also symbolic of the power to awaken the sleepy mind for the practice of sadhana and righteousness. 

In this post, I am posting below the alangarams of each of the panchamoorthies  because they are just so lovely. Especially the alangarams of the Goddess Parashakti and Lord Murugan.


Alangaram of Lord Vinayaka

Alangaram of Lord Murugan (with both wives)

Alangaram of Lord Arunachaleswarar with whip in hand

Alangaram of Goddess Parakshakti

Alangaram of Chandikeswarar

Panchamoorthies giving darshan to devotees in front of the Alankaram Mandapam

Lord Arunachaleswarar mounted on his Big Horse


Procession of the panchamoorthies on the mada veedhi (perimeter streets) of Arunachaleswarar Temple